From Bargain to Backfire? The Truth About Strike-Through Pricing and How to Get It Right

Vorys eControl Strike-Through Pricing Bargain to Backfire

In the fast-paced world of D2C eCommerce, “strike-through” pricing is seemingly everywhere. Brands and retailers use these tactics to drive urgency and boost conversions on their websites. One of the most popular tactics is “strike-through” or former price advertising—showing customers a discounted price next to a higher, crossed-out price. But did you know that the way you advertise discounts could be putting your brand at risk for lawsuits and regulatory action?

The Hidden Dangers of Deceptive Price Advertising

It’s tempting to highlight big savings with crossed-out prices or “was/now” deals. However, both the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and many states have strict rules about how you compare current prices to former prices and MSRPs. Plaintiffs’ lawyers (and potentially regulators) are watching, and class action lawsuits over deceptive pricing are on the rise. Vorys eControl has observed an uptick in demand letters and lawsuits filed against brands for allegedly deceptive price comparisons on their websites—often resulting in costly settlements and reputational damage.

What's the Legal Landscape?

  • Federal Law: The FTC prohibits unfair or deceptive acts in commerce. Its Guides Against Deceptive Pricing (16 CFR § 233) warn against using former prices that were never actually offered to the public or were only in effect for a short time. If a brand compares its current price to a “former” price, that former price must have been the actual price offered to the public on a regular basis for a reasonably substantial period of time.
  • State Laws: Some states like California, Massachusetts, Illinois, New Jersey, Ohio, Missouri, Alaska, South Dakota, and many others have their own rules. For example, California requires that a comparison to a former price can only be made if that price was the prevailing market price during the preceding 90 days (or the ad must clearly state when the former price was in effect). CA Bus & Prof Code §17501. In Oregon, the former price must have been the actual price at which the product was offered to the public during the 30 days immediately before the sale. Or. Admin. Code §137-020-0010(6). In South Dakota, the product must have been offered at the former price for at least seven consecutive days during the immediately preceding 60-day period, or the basis for the former price must be stated. S.D. Codified Laws § 37-24-6.
  • Litigation Trends: Plaintiffs’ lawyers are actively monitoring websites for misleading discounts. All it takes is a few screenshots or a few clicks on the Wayback Machine to build a case, particularly in states like California.

What Makes a Price Comparison Deceptive?

There are many ways that an ad can be deceptive, but here are a few examples:

  • Comparing to a price that was never actually offered to the public or was offered only for a brief period.
  • Running “sales” so frequently or for so long that the sale price becomes the new regular price.
  • Comparing the sale price to a manufacturer suggested retail price (MSRP) that is not actually the prevailing price in the market.
  • Failing to disclose when a reference price was last in effect if it is outside the required time window.

What Are Some Steps Brands Can Take?

  1. Consult with Vorys eControl. Work with your Vorys eControl attorneys to review your pricing and promotional practices, including on your website. Our team is experienced in minimum advertised price (MAP) policies and deceptive advertising practices, and we can help counsel you on how to communicate MAP holidays and promotions without making your brand a target for deceptive advertising claims.
  2. Anchor Discounts to Reality. Only compare to prices that were genuinely offered to the public recently, and be mindful of the lookback periods required by various state laws.
  3. Plan Ahead. Prepare for sales in advance. Decide which products will be included, how long the sale will run, the sale price, and the former price you want to use for comparison. Ensure your documentation is in order in case your practices are challenged. Also, plan your communication strategy for announcing MAP holidays. For more information on MAP holidays, go here.
  4. Monitor Your Website. Regularly check your website to ensure that strike-through pricing and sale prices are not displayed longer than intended. Prolonged display can make your brand an easy target for deceptive advertising claims.
  5. Be Careful with MSRPs. Only use MSRPs as a comparison if they reflect real market pricing.
  6. Train Your Team. Make sure everyone involved in pricing and promotions understands the legal requirements. Evaluate if your team is due for a MAP Policy best practices training with Vorys eControl who can also train on this content.

Don't Make Your Brand an Easy Target

Vorys eControl can help you audit your pricing practices, train your teams, and develop promotions that do not run afoul of the law.

If you would like to further discuss, email Jessica Cunning directly.

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